| Peer-Reviewed

Differences in Loaded and Unloaded Vertical Jumping Ability and Sprinting Performance between Brazilian Elite Under-20 and Senior Soccer Players

Received: 29 November 2014     Accepted: 2 December 2014     Published: 27 December 2014
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare performance in sprint, change of direction speed, vertical jump and jump squat tests between elite soccer players from two different age categories (i.e., under-20 and senior players) from the same soccer club. Players performed sprints (average velocity at 5, 10 and 20 m), zig-zag change of direction speed (COD speed), squat and countermovement jump tests and loaded jump squats to obtain the maximum mean propulsive power (MPP) value. Senior players performed better in absolute MPP, while the relative MPP (W/kg) was higher in the U-20 players. Moreover, except for COD speed and average velocity from zero to 5 m (VEL 5 m), the senior soccer players presented superior performance in all tested variables (SJ, CMJ, VEL 10 m, VEL 20 m). In conclusion, most neuromuscular variables improve during the transition from the end of adolescence to the mature phase. However, to enhance the power abilities and sprinting capacity over very short-distances of senior soccer players, soccer fitness coaches are encouraged to increase the frequency and volume of strength/power training during the competitive season.

Published in American Journal of Sports Science (Volume 2, Issue 6-1)

This article belongs to the Special Issue Science & Soccer

DOI 10.11648/j.ajss.s.2014020601.12
Page(s) 8-13
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Power, Football, Plyometrics, Jump Squat, Age-Categories

References
[1] Stolen, T., Chamari, K., Castagna, C., & Wisloff, U. (2005). Physiology of soccer: an update. Sports Medicine, 35, 501-36.
[2] Valente-dos-Santos, J., Coelho-e-Silva, M. J., Simoes, F., Figueiredo, A. J., Leite, N., Elferink-Gemser, M. T., Malina, R. M., & Sherar, L. (2012). Modeling developmental changes in functional capacities and soccer-specific skills in male players aged 11-17 years. Pediatric Exercise Science, 24, 603-21.
[3] Markovic, G. & Mikulic, P. (2011). Discriminative ability of the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test (level 1) in prospective young soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25, 2931-4.
[4] Mendez-Villanueva, A., Buchheit, M., Kuitunen, S., Douglas, A., Peltola, E., & Bourdon, P. (2011). Age-related differences in acceleration, maximum running speed, and repeated-sprint performance in young soccer players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 29, 477-84.
[5] Mujika, I., Santisteban, J., & Castagna, C. (2009). In-season effect of short-term sprint and power training programs on elite junior soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23, 2581-7.
[6] Loturco, I., Ugrinowitsch, C., Roschel, H., Lopes Mellinger, A., Gomes, F., Tricoli, V., & Gonzales-Badillo, J. J. (2013). Distinct temporal organizations of the strength- and power-training loads produce similar performance improvements. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27, 188-94.
[7] Nibali, M. L., Chapman, D. W., Robergs, R. A., & Drinkwater, E. J. (2013). A rationale for assessing the lower-body power profile in team sport athletes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27, 388-97.
[8] Turner, A. P., Unholz, C. N., Potts, N., & Coleman, S. G. (2012). Peak power, force, and velocity during jump squats in professional rugby players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26, 1594-600.
[9] Lopez-Segovia, M., Marques, M. C., van den Tillaar, R., & Gonzalez-Badillo, J. J. (2011). Relationships between vertical jump and full squat power outputs with sprint times in u21 soccer players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 30, 135-44.
[10] Loturco, I., D'Angelo, R. A., Fernandes, V., Gil, S., Kobal, R., Abad, C. C. C., Kitamura, K., & Nakamura, F. Y. (2014). Relationship between sprint ability and loaded/unloaded jump tests in elite sprinters Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, in Press.
[11] Castagna, C. & Castellini, E. (2013). Vertical jump performance in Italian male and female national team soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27, 1156-61.
[12] Loturco, I., Ugrinowitsch, C., Tricoli, V., Pivetti, B., & Roschel, H. (2013). Different loading schemes in power training during the preseason promote similar performance improvements in Brazilian elite soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27, 1791-7.
[13] Wisloff, U., Castagna, C., Helgerud, J., Jones, R., & Hoff, J. (2004). Strong correlation of maximal squat strength with sprint performance and vertical jump height in elite soccer players. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 38, 285-8.
[14] Sander, A., Keiner, M., Wirth, K., & Schmidtbleicher, D. (2013). Influence of a 2-year strength training programme on power performance in elite youth soccer players. European Journal of Sport Science, 13, 445-51.
[15] Little, T. & Williams, A. G. (2006). Effects of differential stretching protocols during warm-ups on high-speed motor capacities in professional soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 20, 203-7.
[16] Sekulic, D., Spasic, M., Mirkov, D., Cavar, M., & Sattler, T. (2013). Gender-specific influences of balance, speed, and power on agility performance Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27, 802-11.
[17] Sanchez-Medina, L., Perez, C. E., & Gonzalez-Badillo, J. J. (2010). Importance of the propulsive phase in strength assessment. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 31, 123-9.
[18] Batterham, A. M. & Hopkins, W. G. (2006). Making meaningful inferences about magnitudes. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 1, 50-7.
[19] Rowlands, D. S., Rossler, K., Thorp, R. M., Graham, D. F., Timmons, B. W., Stannard, S. R., & Tarnopolsky, M. A. (2008). Effect of dietary protein content during recovery from high-intensity cycling on subsequent performance and markers of stress, inflammation, and muscle damage in well-trained men. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 33, 39-51.
[20] Hopkins, W. G. (2004). How to interpret changes in an athletic performance test. Sportsci, 8, 1-7.
[21] Lehance, C., Binet, J., Bury, T., & Croisier, J. L. (2009). Muscular strength, functional performances and injury risk in professional and junior elite soccer players. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 19, 243-51.
[22] Hoff, J. & Helgerud, J. (2004). Endurance and strength training for soccer players: physiological considerations. Sports Medicine, 34, 165-80.
[23] Comfort, P., Stewart, A., Bloom, L., & Clarkson, B. (2014). Relationships between strength, sprint, and jump performance in well-trained youth soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28, 173-7.
[24] Jovanovic, M., Sporis, G., Omrcen, D., & Fiorentini, F. (2011). Effects of speed, agility, quickness training method on power performance in elite soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25, 1285-92.
[25] Lockie, R. G., Murphy, A. J., Knight, T. J., & Janse de Jonge, X. A. (2011). Factors that differentiate acceleration ability in field sport athletes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25, 2704-14.
[26] Cormie, P., McCaulley, G. O., & McBride, J. M. (2007). Power versus strength-power jump squat training: influence on the load-power relationship. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 39, 996-1003.
[27] Cormie, P., McCaulley, G. O., Triplett, N. T., & McBride, J. M. (2007). Optimal loading for maximal power output during lower-body resistance exercises. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 39, 340-9.
[28] Moss, B. M., Refsnes, P. E., Abildgaard, A., Nicolaysen, K., & Jensen, J. (1997). Effects of maximal effort strength training with different loads on dynamic strength, cross-sectional area, load-power and load-velocity relationships. European journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 75, 193-9.
[29] Baker, D. & Nance, S. (1999). The Relation Between Running Speed and Measures of Strength and Power in Professional Rugby League Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 13, 230-5.
[30] Young, W., Benton, D., & Pryor, J. M. (2001). Resistance training for short sprints and maximum-speed sprints. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 23, 7.
[31] Brughelli, M., Cronin, J., Levin, G., & Chaouachi, A. (2008). Understanding change of direction ability in sport: a review of resistance training studies. Sports Medicine, 38, 1045-63.
[32] Coutts, A., Reaburn, P., Piva, T. J., & Murphy, A. (2007). Changes in selected biochemical, muscular strength, power, and endurance measures during deliberate overreaching and tapering in rugby league players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 28, 116-24.
[33] Coutts, A. J., Reaburn, P., Piva, T. J., & Rowsell, G. J. (2007). Monitoring for overreaching in rugby league players. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 99, 313-24.
[34] Docherty, D. & Sporer, B. (2000). A proposed model for examining the interference phenomenon between concurrent aerobic and strength training. Sports Medicine, 30, 385-94.
[35] Helgerud, J., Rodas, G., Kemi, O. J., & Hoff, J. (2011). Strength and endurance in elite football players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 32, 677-82.
[36] Wilson, J. M., Marin, P. J., Rhea, M. R., Wilson, S. M., Loenneke, J. P., & Anderson, J. C. (2012). Concurrent training: a meta-analysis examining interference of aerobic and resistance exercises. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26, 2293-307.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Irineu Loturco, Ronaldo Kobal, Saulo Gil, Bruno Pivetti, Katia Kitamura, et al. (2014). Differences in Loaded and Unloaded Vertical Jumping Ability and Sprinting Performance between Brazilian Elite Under-20 and Senior Soccer Players. American Journal of Sports Science, 2(6-1), 8-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.s.2014020601.12

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Irineu Loturco; Ronaldo Kobal; Saulo Gil; Bruno Pivetti; Katia Kitamura, et al. Differences in Loaded and Unloaded Vertical Jumping Ability and Sprinting Performance between Brazilian Elite Under-20 and Senior Soccer Players. Am. J. Sports Sci. 2014, 2(6-1), 8-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ajss.s.2014020601.12

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Irineu Loturco, Ronaldo Kobal, Saulo Gil, Bruno Pivetti, Katia Kitamura, et al. Differences in Loaded and Unloaded Vertical Jumping Ability and Sprinting Performance between Brazilian Elite Under-20 and Senior Soccer Players. Am J Sports Sci. 2014;2(6-1):8-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ajss.s.2014020601.12

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ajss.s.2014020601.12,
      author = {Irineu Loturco and Ronaldo Kobal and Saulo Gil and Bruno Pivetti and Katia Kitamura and Lucas A. Pereira and Cesar Cavinato Cal Abad and Fabio Yuzo Nakamura},
      title = {Differences in Loaded and Unloaded Vertical Jumping Ability and Sprinting Performance between Brazilian Elite Under-20 and Senior Soccer Players},
      journal = {American Journal of Sports Science},
      volume = {2},
      number = {6-1},
      pages = {8-13},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajss.s.2014020601.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.s.2014020601.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajss.s.2014020601.12},
      abstract = {The aim of this study was to compare performance in sprint, change of direction speed, vertical jump and jump squat tests between elite soccer players from two different age categories (i.e., under-20 and senior players) from the same soccer club. Players performed sprints (average velocity at 5, 10 and 20 m), zig-zag change of direction speed (COD speed), squat and countermovement jump tests and loaded jump squats to obtain the maximum mean propulsive power (MPP) value. Senior players performed better in absolute MPP, while the relative MPP (W/kg) was higher in the U-20 players. Moreover, except for COD speed and average velocity from zero to 5 m (VEL 5 m), the senior soccer players presented superior performance in all tested variables (SJ, CMJ, VEL 10 m, VEL 20 m). In conclusion, most neuromuscular variables improve during the transition from the end of adolescence to the mature phase. However, to enhance the power abilities and sprinting capacity over very short-distances of senior soccer players, soccer fitness coaches are encouraged to increase the frequency and volume of strength/power training during the competitive season.},
     year = {2014}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Differences in Loaded and Unloaded Vertical Jumping Ability and Sprinting Performance between Brazilian Elite Under-20 and Senior Soccer Players
    AU  - Irineu Loturco
    AU  - Ronaldo Kobal
    AU  - Saulo Gil
    AU  - Bruno Pivetti
    AU  - Katia Kitamura
    AU  - Lucas A. Pereira
    AU  - Cesar Cavinato Cal Abad
    AU  - Fabio Yuzo Nakamura
    Y1  - 2014/12/27
    PY  - 2014
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.s.2014020601.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajss.s.2014020601.12
    T2  - American Journal of Sports Science
    JF  - American Journal of Sports Science
    JO  - American Journal of Sports Science
    SP  - 8
    EP  - 13
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8540
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.s.2014020601.12
    AB  - The aim of this study was to compare performance in sprint, change of direction speed, vertical jump and jump squat tests between elite soccer players from two different age categories (i.e., under-20 and senior players) from the same soccer club. Players performed sprints (average velocity at 5, 10 and 20 m), zig-zag change of direction speed (COD speed), squat and countermovement jump tests and loaded jump squats to obtain the maximum mean propulsive power (MPP) value. Senior players performed better in absolute MPP, while the relative MPP (W/kg) was higher in the U-20 players. Moreover, except for COD speed and average velocity from zero to 5 m (VEL 5 m), the senior soccer players presented superior performance in all tested variables (SJ, CMJ, VEL 10 m, VEL 20 m). In conclusion, most neuromuscular variables improve during the transition from the end of adolescence to the mature phase. However, to enhance the power abilities and sprinting capacity over very short-distances of senior soccer players, soccer fitness coaches are encouraged to increase the frequency and volume of strength/power training during the competitive season.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 6-1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • NAR, Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, S?o Paulo, SP, Brazil

  • NAR, Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, S?o Paulo, SP, Brazil

  • NAR, Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, S?o Paulo, SP, Brazil

  • NAR, Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, S?o Paulo, SP, Brazil

  • NAR, Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, S?o Paulo, SP, Brazil

  • NAR, Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, S?o Paulo, SP, Brazil

  • NAR, Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, S?o Paulo, SP, Brazil

  • State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil

  • Sections